Multipurpose Agriculture Robot

Abstract

Agriculture, being the backbone of many economies, is facing critical challenges such as labor shortages, high operational costs, and the need for increased productivity. To address these issues, this project proposes the design and development of a Multipurpose Agriculture Robot capable of performing multiple farming tasks autonomously or semi-autonomously. The primary aim is to reduce manual labor and enhance the efficiency and precision of routine agricultural operations like seed sowing, pesticide spraying, soil monitoring, and weed detection. The robot is built on a robust, all-terrain mobile platform and powered by a microcontroller (Arduino Uno), which coordinates the functions of various sensors and actuators. Sensors such as soil moisture, temperature, and obstacle detection enable real-time monitoring and decision-making. A spraying mechanism is incorporated for precise pesticide application, while a sowing module allows for uniform seed placement. The robot can be controlled remotely using Bluetooth or IoT-based systems, making it accessible and easy to operate. Power is supplied either through rechargeable batteries or solar panels, making it energy-efficient and suitable for remote areas. The design is cost-effective, lightweight, and durable, aimed especially at small and medium-scale farmers. The successful implementation of this multipurpose agriculture robot has the potential to revolutionize traditional farming practices by making them more automated, data-driven, and resource-efficient. It promotes sustainable agriculture by minimizing input waste, reducing chemical overuse, and optimizing manpower. This project serves as a step toward modernizing agriculture through practical and affordable robotic solutions tailored to real-world farming conditions.