Study On Partial Replacement Of Glass Powder As Cement And Foundry Sand As M-Sand For Sustainable Development Of Concrete

Abstract

Industrial waste utilization in concrete can reduce the consumption of conventional cementitious and fine-aggregate materials while providing a practical route for waste management. This experimental study evaluates M30 concrete containing waste glass powder as a partial cement replacement and foundry sand as a partial replacement for M-sand. Four mixtures were investigated: M0 with no replacement, M1 with 5% glass powder and 10% foundry sand, M2 with 10% glass powder and 20% foundry sand, and M3 with 15% glass powder and 30% foundry sand. The reference mix was designed with a water-cement ratio of 0.45, 405.5 kg/m³ cement, 182.47 L/m³ water, 775 kg/m³ fine aggregate, and 1161.6 kg/m³ coarse aggregate. Workability was measured by slump, and 150 mm concrete cubes were tested for compressive strength after 7 and 14 days of curing. Slump values for M0-M3 were 80, 85, 75, and 68 mm, respectively. The highest compressive strengths were obtained for M1, reaching 27.8 MPa at 7 days and 33.6 MPa at 14 days compared with 25.5 and 31.0 MPa for the control. The corresponding improvements were 9.02% and 8.39%. Higher replacement levels reduced strength. Therefore, 5% glass powder with 10% foundry sand was the optimum combination within the investigated range.